Porovnáni soustav veřejného osvětleníi se sodíkovými výbojkami a LED diodami – Část jedenáctá
Dimenzování osvětlovacích soustav
Při provozu osvětlovací soustavy dochází k jejímu stárnutí, které se projevuje poklesem vyzařovaného světelného toku. U soustav veřejného osvětlení je tento pokles způsoben jednak poklesem světelného toku světelných zdrojů a jednak zašpiněním svítidel. Vzhledem k tomu, že požadované světelně technické parametry na osvětlovaných komunikacích musí být zajištěny po celou dobu života, je třeba osvětlovací soustavy při jejím návrhu předimenzovat. Pokles světelného toku se u moderních sodíkových výbojek pohybuje do 10 %, u světelných diod je rozsah větší a pohybuje se v rozsahu od 10 % do 30 %.
Pokles světelného toku v důsledku zašpinění svítidel závisí na krytí svítidla (označení IP) a na znečištění ovzduší a intervalu čištění a pohybuje se v rozsahu od 10 % do 20 %. قوانين لعبة الروليت U moderních LED svítidel existuje funkce konstantního světelného
toku. Světelné diody jsou na začátku provozu napájeny nižším proudem; s narůstajícím počtem provozních hodin se tento proud postupně zvyšuje tak, aby byl výstupní světelný tok diod konstantní. كيف تربح المال بسرعة Touto funkcí lze ušetřit přibližně 10 % elektrické energie – příkon osvětlovací soustavy při zahájení provozu soustavy bude nižší než na konci doby života. Nicméně při návrhu osvětlovací soustavy je třeba u LED svítidel s funkcí konstantního světelného toku počítat s poklesem světelného toku vlivem zašpinění svítidel.
Údržba
Vzhledem k tomu, že doba života světelných diod i předřadných zařízení je u kvalitních LED svítidel v porovnání s výbojkovými svítidly významně delší, lze očekávat i nižší náklady na údržbu LED svítidel. Nicméně i LED svítidla vyžadují svoji údržbu, do které patří například čištění svítidel nebo jejich revize. Poměrně často se objevující slovní spojení „bezúdržbová LED svítidla“ jsou především marketingovým sloganem, který neodpovídá reálné situaci.
Ekonomika
Při posuzování vhodnosti použití LED svítidel ve veřejném osvětlení je třeba vycházet z konkrétní situace. Pokud je cílem snížit energetickou náročnost osvětlovací soustavy prostou výměnou zastaralých výbojkových svítidel, pak při použití
moderních svítidel pro vysokotlaké sodíkové výbojky je návratnost v porovnání s kvalitními LED svítidly stále kratší, a to i v případech, kdy provozní náklady u LED svítidel jsou již podstatně nižší. Je to dáno výrazně vyšší cenou LED svítidel.
Pokud však obec získá investiční prostředky z dotačního titulu, je možné z pohledu obce „uměle“ zkrátit návratnost soustavy LED svítidel na akceptovatelnou úroveň. Čím je obnova osvětlovací soustavy komplexnější, tedy pokud zahrnuje
i výměnu stožárů, případně i kabeláže nebo je součástí revitalizace části městského prostoru, je rozdíl v investičních nákladech na soustavu s výbojkovými svítidly a LED svítidly výrazně menší. V takové situaci není při volbě osvětlovací soustavy návratnost hlavním kritériem, ale uplatňují se i další hlediska, například estetická. سباق الخيل مباشر
zdroj: SEVn, Středisko pro efektivní využívání energie
23 června, 2022 at 0.11
A bad credit loan can be a fantastic method to improve your credit score and build the foundations
for financial stability.
23 června, 2022 at 0.22
hello!,I really like your writing very a lot! share we be
in contact extra about your post on AOL? I require a specialist
on this area to solve my problem. May be that is you!
Having a look forward to look you.
23 června, 2022 at 0.28
Please let me know if you’re looking for a article author for your blog.
You have some really great posts and I believe I would be a good asset.
If you ever want to take some of the load off, I’d love to write some material for your blog in exchange for a link back to mine.
Please send me an email if interested. Cheers!
23 června, 2022 at 0.35
If you desire to obtain much from this article then you
have to apply such techniques to your won blog.
23 června, 2022 at 0.39
It’s enormous that you are getting ideas from this piece of writing as
well as from our discussion made at this time.
23 června, 2022 at 0.57
You really make it seem so easy with your presentation but I to
find this matter to be really one thing which I believe I’d by no
means understand. It kind of feels too complicated and very vast for me.
I am looking ahead to your next post, I’ll attempt to get the hang of it!
23 června, 2022 at 1.14
I have learn some good stuff here. Certainly value bookmarking for
revisiting. I wonder how so much attempt you put to make such a wonderful
informative site.
23 června, 2022 at 1.15
I’m not that much of a online reader to be honest but your blogs really nice,
keep it up! I’ll go ahead and bookmark your website to come back
in the future. Many thanks
23 června, 2022 at 1.18
Peculiar article, just what I wanted to find.
23 června, 2022 at 1.25
Make money trading opions.
The minimum deposit is 50$.
Learn how to trade correctly. How to earn from
$50 to $15000 a day.
The more you earn, the more profit we get.
I just hope I’m useful at all
23 června, 2022 at 2.29
If you desire to obtain a great deal from this post
then you have to apply such methods to your won webpage.
webpage
23 června, 2022 at 2.48
I am genuinely happy to read this weblog posts which includes plenty of valuable data, thanks for providing such statistics.
23 června, 2022 at 3.41
Thanks for finally talking about >Svítidla, světla,
osvětlování » Blog Archive » Porovnáni soustav veřejného
osvětleníi se sodíkovými výbojkami a LED diodami – Část jedenáctá <Liked it!
23 června, 2022 at 4.39
Good blog you’ve got here.. It’s hard to find good quality writing like yours
nowadays. I truly appreciate individuals like you!
Take care!!
23 června, 2022 at 4.41
Nice post. I learn something new and challenging on sites I stumbleupon on a daily basis.
It’s always exciting to read through articles from other authors and use a little something from their websites.
23 června, 2022 at 4.58
Keep on writing, great job!
23 června, 2022 at 6.26
Thanks to my father who informed me concerning this web site, this website is actually remarkable.
23 června, 2022 at 7.16
You made some really good points there. I looked on the
net for additional information about the issue and found most individuals will go along with your views on this web site.
23 června, 2022 at 7.21
I loved as much as you will receive carried out right here.
The sketch is attractive, your authored subject matter stylish.
nonetheless, you command get got an impatience over that you wish be
delivering the following. unwell unquestionably come further formerly again as exactly the same nearly a lot often inside case you
shield this hike.
23 června, 2022 at 8.26
Hi I am so thrilled I found your site, I really found
you by error, while I was searching on Bing for
something else, Nonetheless I am here now and would just like to say cheers for a marvelous post and a all round thrilling blog (I also love the theme/design), I
don’t have time to browse it all at the moment but I
have book-marked it and also added in your RSS feeds, so when I have time I
will be back to read a great deal more, Please do keep up the excellent work.
23 června, 2022 at 8.35
Excellent post. I will be experiencing a few of these issues as well..
23 června, 2022 at 8.52
Examine rates for the Minions movie that you might want.
Web retailers frequently have more affordable prices for the Minions
movie your kid is actually coveting. This can save you some funds.
Internet vendors often times have excellent sales lengthy in to the
season.
23 června, 2022 at 9.22
I enjoy taking dicks shoved up my tight butthole.
View me live no cost on the newest gay world wide
web fuck cam.
23 června, 2022 at 9.30
Thank you forr the auspicious writeup. It in fact waas a amusement account it.
Lookk advanced to more added agreeable from you!
However, how could we communicate?
23 června, 2022 at 9.41
I quite like looking through a post that will make men and women think.
Also, thanks for permitting me to comment!
23 června, 2022 at 9.45
Nice post. I learn something new aand challenging on sies I stumbleupon everyday.
It’s always useful to read content from other authors and use something from other websites.
23 června, 2022 at 9.47
Hi my family member! I wish to say that this post is amazing, great written and include
almost all vital infos. I’d like to per more posts like this .
23 června, 2022 at 9.48
Hey there! This is mmy first visit to your
blog! We are a collection of volunteers and starting a new initiative in a community in the
same niche. Your blog provided us beneficial information tto work on. You have done a marvellous job!
23 června, 2022 at 9.59
For newest news you have to go to see web and on thhe web I found
this web site as a best site for latet updates.
23 června, 2022 at 10.11
Hey there, You have done an incredible job. I’ll certainly igg itt and personally recommend to my friends.
I am sure they’ll be benefited from this site.
23 června, 2022 at 11.06
The winning tickets, bought by 64-year-old Susan Fitton, matched
all five of the white ball numbgers but did not match the Megga Ball, according
to a news release.
23 června, 2022 at 12.07
This is my first time pay a visit at here and i am in fact happy
to read all at alone place.
23 června, 2022 at 12.14
hello there and thank you for your info – I’ve certainly picked up anything new from right
here. I did however expertise a few technical issues using this web
site, as I experienced to reload the site many times previous to I could get it to load correctly.
I had been wondering if your web hosting is OK?
Not that I am complaining, but sluggish loading instances times will very frequently affect your placement in google and can damage your quality score if advertising and marketing with Adwords.
Anyway I am adding this RSS to my e-mail and could look out for a lot more of your respective intriguing content.
Ensure that you update this again very soon.
23 června, 2022 at 12.18
Today, I went to the beach front with my kids. I found a sea shell and gave it to my 4 year old daughter and said „You can hear the ocean if you put this to your ear.“ She placed
the shell to her ear and screamed. There was a hermit crab inside and it
pinched her ear. She never wants to go back! LoL I
know this is completely off topic but I had to tell
someone!
23 června, 2022 at 12.35
سیگنال خرید
23 června, 2022 at 12.49
St. Louis County Policxe investigate shooting near Dellwood by Kevin S.
Held / Jan 9, 2022 ST. LOUIS COUNTY, Mo. – A man wass
taken to a hospital Sunday night with a gunshot woubd to his lowwer leg.
23 června, 2022 at 13.03
อย่าห้าวให้มากไอ้เด็กเหี้ย
23 června, 2022 at 13.07
otel programi arayip bulamiyorsaniz bize ulasabilirsiniz.
23 června, 2022 at 13.55
I am curious to find out what blog system you’re using?
23 června, 2022 at 14.28
Write more; that’s all I have to say. It seems as though you relied on the video to make your
point. You know what you’re talking about, why waste your intelligence on just posting videos to your blog when you could be
giving us something enlightening to read?
23 června, 2022 at 14.43
You actually make it appear really easy together with your presentation however I in finding this topic to be really something that I believe I
might never understand. It sort of feels too complicated and very
wide for me. I am having a look ahead on your
next submit, I will try to get the grasp of it!
23 června, 2022 at 14.43
New assurance products can now be protected against copying with a business technique patent within the United States.
23 června, 2022 at 15.07
After checking out a few of the blog articles on your web site,
I seriously like your way of blogging. I book-marked it to my bookmark site list and
will be checking back soon. Please visit my website too and let me know what
you think.
23 června, 2022 at 15.35
I’m truly enjoying the design and layout of your website.
It’s a very easy on the eyes which makes it much more pleasant
for me to come here and visit more often. Did
you hire out a designer to create your theme? Exceptional work!
23 června, 2022 at 15.39
It’s awesome for me to have a website, which is helpful in support of my knowledge.
thanks admin
23 června, 2022 at 16.03
Make money trading opions.
The minimum deposit is 50$.
Learn how to trade correctly. How to earn from $50 to $15000 a day.
The more you earn, the more profit we get.
I really wish Im useful at all
23 června, 2022 at 16.40
WOW just what I was looking for. Came here by searching for kampus terbaik di medan
23 června, 2022 at 16.42
You should be a part of a contest for one of the greatest
sites on the internet. I will highly recommend this blog!
23 června, 2022 at 16.46
Methods for transferring or distributing threat have been practiced by Babylonian, Chinese
and Indian merchants as long ago because the 3rd
and 2nd millennia BC, respectively.
23 června, 2022 at 16.48
I’m gone to convey my little brother, that he should also pay a quick visit this website on regular basis to obtain updated
from latest news.